Ultimate guide or brief of AWS(Amazon Web Services)
AWS is a secure cloud service platform that offers its customers a wide range of services like compute power, database storage, content delivery and other functionality to help in growing a business.
But before directly moving to AWS we must first get familiar with the basic concepts of Cloud Computing.
Cloud Computing :-
When a network of remote servers hosted on the internet to store, access, manage and process the databases, networking, software, analytics and intelligence over the CLOUD ("internet") rather than the local server or PC is generally termed as Cloud Computing.
Types of Cloud Computing :-
On the basis of services it is broadly categorize into 3 types -
- IaaS :-
It is termed as Infrastructure as a Service. It is a cloud computing service where enterprises rent or lease servers for compute and storage in the cloud. It can be more efficient for an enterprise than owning and managing its own infrastructure. New applications can be tested with an IaaS provider instead of acquiring the infrastructure for the test.
- PaaS :-
It is termed as Platform as a Service. It provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage applications without the complexity of building and maintaining the infrastructure typically associated with developing and launching an app.
- SaaS :-
It is termed as Software as a Service. It is a software distribution model in which a third-party provider hosts applications and makes them available to customers over the Internet.
On the basis of deployment it is broadly categorize into 4 types :-
- Public Cloud :-
In public cloud, the computing services offered by third-party providers over the public Internet, making them available to anyone who wants to use or purchase them. They may be free or sold on-demand, allowing customers to pay only per usage for the CPU cycles, storage, or bandwidth they consume.
- Private Cloud :-
In private cloud, the computing services are only accessible to the organization or the user of that data and is not for the usage of general public.
- Hybrid Cloud :-
It combines a private cloud with one or more public cloud services, with proprietary software enabling communication between each distinct service. A hybrid cloud strategy provides businesses with greater flexibility by moving workloads between cloud solutions as needs and costs fluctuate.
- Community Cloud :-
It is a collaborative effort in which infrastructure is shared between several organizations from a specific community with common concerns (security, compliance, jurisdiction, etc.), whether managed internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally.
Ok so now we have gathered enough knowledge on Cloud Computing then lets move to the concepts of AWS.
- EC2 (Elastic Cloud Compute) :-
>> It is basically used to launch as many virtual servers/machines/instances as we need.
By default, it is limited to 20 EC2 instances per EC2 region with two default I/O instances.
▪︎Types of EC2 Instances :-
- General Purpose
- Compute Optimized
- Memory Optimized
- Storage Optimized
- Accelerated Computing
- High Memory Optimized
▪︎EC2 Purchasing Options :-
- On - demand
- Dedicated host
- Spot instance
- Scheduled instance
- Reserved instance
- Dedicate instance
- VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) :-
>> It is a virtual network that closely resembles a traditional networking that you operate in your own data centre with the benefits of using the scalable infrastructure of AWS.
- It is logically isolated from other virtual network in AWS Cloud.
- Max. 5 VPC can be created and 200 subnets in 1 VPC.
- We can allocate max 5 Elastic IP.
- Once we created VPC, then DHCP, NACL(Network Acceas Control List) and Security Group will automatically created.
- VPC is confined to an AWS Region and does not extend between region.
- Once VPC is created, you can’t change its CIDR Block Range.
- Whenever you create a new VPC you must attach it with the I.G. (Internet Gateway) to access the internet.
- Subnet :-
>> Subnetwork or subnet is a logical subdivision of an IP network. The practice of dividing a network into two or more networks is called subnetting.
▪︎Types of Subnet :-
- Public Subnet :-
>> If a subnet traffic is routed to Internet Gateway and have a public IPv4 address or an Elastic IP.
2. Private Subnet :-
>> If a subnet doesn’t have a route to the Internet Gateway, then it is Private network.
- Storage :-
>> AWS offers a complete range of cloud storage services to support both application and archival compilance requirements.
▪︎ Types of storage :-
- S3 (Simple Storage Service)
>> It is a object based storage i.e. it has a distributed data store architecture where objects are redundantly stored in multiple locations. It has simple webservice interface for storing and retrieving any amount of data anytime from anywhere.
2. EBS (Elastic Block Storage)
>> It is a block level storage i.e. it divides data in evenly sized blocks before storing it in an instance. It is suitable for transactional databases, random read/write loads and structured database storage.
3. S3 Glacier
>> In this type of storage we genearlly store such type of data which we know that we will be using it once or twice in a year.
4. Snowball
>> It is almost as same like S3 Glacier but here the time period for accesing the data is even more than the S3 Glacier.
- Auto-Scaling :-
>> It is one of the most best feature that AWS providesto its users. By enabling it, AWS understands that whenever the load on EC2 crosses the defined level it will automatically scale up and as per the need it will automatically scale down.
*scale up/out → increasing instances
*scale down/in → decresing instance
- ELB (Elastic Load Balancer) :-
>> It refers to the efficient distribution of the incoming traffic across all the available backend servers so that none of your server gets down and your work will not hamper because of loads of traffic.
- IAM (Identity and Access Management) :-
>> IAM refers to a framework or policies and technologies for ensuring that the proper people in an organisation have the appropriate access to technology resources.
IAM is a web service that helps you securely control access to AWS resources. You use IAM to control who is authenticated (signed in) and authorized (has permission) to use resources.
- Route 53 :-
>> It is used to register new domains , transfer existing domains, route traffic for your domains to your AWS and external resources and monitor the health of your resources. It works on TCP port — 53 and hence its name is Route 53.
▪︎ Features :-
- DNS Management
- Traffic Management
- Availability Monitoring
- Domain Registeration
- CloudFront :-
>> It is a webservice taht gives businessess and web app developers an easy and cost effective way to distribute content with low latency and high data transfer speed.
▪︎ It is a global service.
▪︎ It is a webservice that speeds up distribution of your static and dynamic web content such as .html, .css for users.
▪︎ It delivers your content through a world wide network of data centres called edge locations.
- SQS (Simple Queue Service) :-
- It is a fast, reliable, fully managed message queue service.
- It is a webservice that give you access to message queues that stores messages waiting to be processed.
- It offers a reliable, highly scalable, hosted queue for storing messages between servers.
- It allows decoupling of application components such that a failure in one component doesn’t cause a bigger problem to application functionality.
- Using this you no longer need a highly available message cluster or the burden of running it.
- SNS (Simple Notification Service) :-
- It is a fault, flexible, fully managed push notification service.
- It is a webservice that co-ordinates and manages the delivery or sending of messages to subscribing endpoints or clients.
- It allows for sending individual messages or fan-out messages to a large no. of reciepients or to other distributed AWS service.
*Publisher :-
>> They are also known as producers and send the message to SNS which is a logical access point.
*Subscriber :-
>> Subscribers such as webserver, email add, SQS queues, Lambda, recieves the message or notification from SNS over on of the supported protocols (SQS, Lambda, HTTPS, SMS, Email).
- Lambda :-
- It is a compute service that lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers.
- With lambda you can run code for virtually any type of application or backend service all with zero administration
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